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JavaScript - programming language for HTML
 Accessing Variables Before Defining Them in the JavaScript | standard ES5 
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обновлено: 1 Augusta 2020
Compiler in the JavaScript provides access to variables before they are defined (in English it is called Hoisting).
Explanation
the code is compiled in two passes
1st pass of the compiler
the compiler receives all variable declarations, all identifiers. No code is executed, and no methods are called.
All variables are set to values undefined
Compiler Pass 2
Code Execution (the variable is set to the value specified in the current code).
If we use a variable, and this variable is defined later, then the error will not occur. The error will not occur because the compiler already knows all the variables in pass 1. Initial value of variables at pass 1 undefined

That is, it is as if the variables are raised up before they are used.
Example 1
  Html  
<html>
<body>

<script>
     alert(text1); // see the text "Undefined"

     var text1 = "Hello"; // declared a variable text1
</script>

</body>
</html>
Example 2
  Html  
<html>
<body>

<script>
     // calculate
     var c = a * b;
     // c = NaN

     // declare variables
     var a = 5;
     var b = 8;
</script>

</body>
</html>
Example 3 Error!
  Html  
<html>
<body>

<script>

     var c = a * b;
     // Error! Variables a and b nowhere announced (neither at the beginning nor at the end)

</script>

</body>
</html>
 
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In which editor (program) is it convenient to write JavaScript code?
[bgcolor=#D0F2A0]New app[/bgcolor]
Create a new application JavaScript in a text editor
Create a new application JavaScript in Visual Studio Code. Debug the application. See in debugging how to perform JavaScript
[bgcolor=#D0F2A0]Debugging JavaScript, HTML[/bgcolor]
Debug JavaScript in Google Chrome. Using debugger
How to find out (see) where the error is when executing HTML, JavaScript in Google Chrome
Debugging JavaScript in the Google Chrome. Use console.log("Hello!")
JavaScript standard ES5. It was published in 2009. Supported by all browsers
[bgcolor=#D0F2A0]Function
Function in the JavaScript. Example: function CalculateSum(value1, value2) { ... } | standard ES5
Function return || in the JavaScript. Example: function getPersonName(name) { return name || "Evgen" } | standard ES5
Call a function before it is defined (Hoisting) in the JavaScript | standard ES5
Variables within a function (lifetime of variables within a function) JavaScript | standard ES5
Pass parameters by value and by reference to the function in the JavaScript | standard ES5
How to find out... whether there is a function by name in the JavaScript? Example: typeof calcSum == "function" | standard ES5
The function described inside the function. JavaScript | standard ES5
[bgcolor=#D0F2A0]Unnamed function[/bgcolor]
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Unnamed function in the JavaScript . Using an unnamed function: pass an unnamed function as a parameter to another function. Example: Calculate(15, 7, function(v1, v2) {return v1+v2;}); | standard ES5
[bgcolor=#D0F2A0]Self-calling unnamed function[/bgcolor]
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[bgcolor=#D0F2A0]Lambda function (abbreviated version of the unnamed function)[/bgcolor]
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[bgcolor=#D0F2A0]Variables[/bgcolor]
Variables in the JavaScript (text, number, flag, date and time) | standard ES5
Accessing Variables Before Defining Them (Hoisting) in the JavaScript | standard ES5
Variable scope var, let, const in the JavaScript | standard ES5
Text, strings in the JavaScript
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Length (string length in the JavaScript) | standard ES5
Function replace(text1, text2) replace text in the JavaScript | standard ES5
Function toUpperCase() converts text to uppercase JavaScript | standard ES5
Function toLowerCase() lowercase text JavaScript | standard ES5
Function split(delimiter) splits a string into substrings JavaScript | standard ES5
Function charAt(position) get a symbol by position JavaScript | standard ES5
Function substr(pos, len) returns a substring JavaScript | standard ES5
Function slice(pos1, pos2) returns a substring JavaScript | standard ES5
Function substring(pos1, pos2) returns a substring JavaScript | standard ES5
Function indexOf(text, startPos) searches for a substring and returns an index JavaScript | standard ES5
Function startsWith(text) Checks, whether the line begins with the specified substring JavaScript | standard ES5
Function trim() remove spaces at the beginning and end of a line JavaScript | standard ES5
The padStart(length, symbol) function appends characters at the beginning of a line up to the desired JavaScript line length | ES5 standard
The padEnd(length, symbol) function appends characters at the end of a line up to the desired JavaScript line length | ES5 standard
You can assign text as many lines to a text variable. Example: var myText = `Hello \n Thanks \n Bye` | JavaScript ES6 standard
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Regular expressions in JavaScript | ES5 standard
Write a regular expression to remove all special characters except letters and numbers | Regex JavaScript | standard ES5
[bgcolor=#D0F2A0]Numbers and mathematical functions[/bgcolor]
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[bgcolor=#D0F2A0]Array[/bgcolor]
Array in the JavaScript This is [] or class Array | standard ES5
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Find max prices in a complex array: [ {name:"Tomate", price:10}, {name:"Apple", price:17}, {name:"Orange", price:15} ] in JavaScript | ES5 standard
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{...} = object in JavaScript is populated from class variables or another object. Example: const {name, total, price} = b.myProps; | ES5 standard
[bgcolor=#D0F2A0]Class (it is a function using new) | ES5 standard[/bgcolor]
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[bgcolor=#D0F2A0]try catch[/bgcolor]
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[bgcolor=#D0F2A0]Closing (closure) in the Javascript[/bgcolor]
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[bgcolor=#D0F2A0]Examples[/bgcolor]
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Text Editor write in HTML, JavaScript | standard ES5
Do Popup using HTML and Javascript
How to make a Popup window in a HTML page | Javascript, HTML, CSS
My Game (HTML, JavaScript)
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PDF reader. Download and display a file PDF (JavaScript, HTML) | PDF JavaScript implemented by Mozilla
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class | Class in the JavaScript. Example: class Book {...} ... var obj1 = new Book(); | ES6 standard
promise in the JavaScript | standard ES6

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